أحمد بدران وبمساعدة تشات جي بي تي في حياة الشعوب، هناك لحظات لا تموت. لحظات تعود فيها الأسئلة الكبرى للواجهة، وتتقاطع فيها السياسة مع...

by Ahmed Badran and ChatGPT In just over a decade, American conservatism has transformed from a fragmented grassroots rebellion to a...

Period Definition Also known as the "Long 19th Century" Not entirely new themes as compared to early-modern period (1450-1750) but some...

Rise of Mamluks The Mamluks were slaves bought for their horsemanship and fighting skills They came from various places, but many came...

Background The British policy had been to support the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire Russia was the main imperial rival in...

This is a summary of the major points from a history course on the middle east (source at the bottom). Background Algeria was a province...

This is a summary of the major points from a history course on the middle east (source at the bottom) Background After Napoleon’s...